Periodontal disease is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gums and supporting structures of the teeth, including the jawbone. It is characterized by the inflammation and destruction of the tissues surrounding the teeth, leading to gum recession, bone loss and tooth loss.
Bone grafting is a surgical procedure used to restore or regenerate bone in areas where it has been lost due to periodontal disease or other factors. This graft, taken either from the patient's own body (autograft) or a donor source (allograft), acts as a scaffold, promoting the growth of new bone cells and blood vessels. Over time, the graft material is gradually replaced by the patient's own bone, restoring the stability of the teeth.
It's important to note that bone grafting is typically part of a comprehensive treatment plan for periodontal disease. Along with the grafting procedure, the underlying cause of the disease, such as plaque and tartar buildup, must be removed. This can be accomplished with a preliminary professional deep cleaning (scaling and root planing) or periodontal surgery. The specific technique and materials used in bone grafting for periodontal disease may vary depending on the severity of the bone loss and the individual patient's needs. In most cases, bone grafting is combined with other periodontal procedures, such as flap surgery or guided tissue regeneration, to achieve optimal results.
Regular dental visits and maintenance therapy are crucial to manage the condition and prevent further bone loss. It is also important to maintain good at home oral hygiene practices, such as brushing and flossing.
